does filtering a dataset take time with so many items ?

i have a question if you have the time !

each user in my site can create an item with specific fields

and there is a dynamic page that view these items

but i added a filter to only show the items of the current user

my question is :

now i have a 100 items , the filtering process will take maybe a 1.5 second

but if i have a 5000 items , dose the filtering process will take a longer time ?

and if it will take a longer time , is there any method to make the process faster(like using References) ?